3^rd World Heart Rhythm Conference November 09-10, 2020 Cape Town, South Africa

Nuclear cardiology is the study of myocardial perfusion scans, this test is used to check the blood flow in the heart muscle. The coronary arteries bring the blood to the heart muscle if these arteries are blocked the heart do not receive enough blood to function properly. This blockage results in coronary artery disease (CAD).  The myocardial perfusion scan is divided into two parts they are stress scan and rest scan.

Arrhythmia is known as irregular heart beat it means that heart beats too quickly, too slowly with an irregular pattern. When the heart beats faster than the normal, it is called tachycardia arrhythmia. When the heart beats too slowly, it is called as bradycardia. Atrial fibrillation is the most common type of arrhythmia which causes an irregular and fast heartbeat.

Cardiology is a branch of medicine deals with diseases and disorders of the heart, like arteria coronaria sickness and symptom coronary failure as well as parts of the circulatory system. Clinical Cardiology includes study of cardiac diseases such as congenital heart diseases, coronary artery disease, heart failure, cardiovascular disease of the heart. The procedure involves interpretation and management of cardiac diseases like electrophysiology, cardiovascular devices, cardiac regeneration, cardiac medicine, cardiac surgery, and identification of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. 

Cardiovascular medicine  provides cardiovascular services which concentrates on the detection and prevention of countless cardiovascular diseases. These cardiology medicines prevent the clots from becoming better and inflicting extra serious problems. The cardiovascular medicine emphases the treatment and diagnosis of diseases of the heart and blood vessels which include coronary artery disease, heart rhythm disorders, heart failure,  heart muscle disease and disorders of the vascular system.

Coronary heart disease is caused due to the narrowing or blockage of coronary arteries that supply oxygen to the heart. This is usually caused by Atherosclerosis, which is called hardening and clogging of arteries. This usually occurs when cholesterol and fatty substances deposit on the inner walls of the heart. Coronary illness occurs when plaque develops on the heart which decreases the flow of blood to the heart. Ischemia implies a “reduced blood supply”. Ischemic coronary illness is caused due to the blockage of coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle. Initially there will be an extreme narrowing or closure of either the extensive coronary arteries as well as coronary supply route end branches by debris showering downstream in the flowing blood. It is normally felt as angina. The narrowing of coronary arteries is usually caused by the covering of atheromatous plague on the walls of the heart which leads to heart attack.

Atrial fibrillation refers to the irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia) or abnormal heart rhythm that can lead to blood clots, stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications such as heart palpitations and chest pain. Basically, the heart contracts and relaxes to a heartbeat. In atrial fibrillation, the upper chambers i.e., atria beat irregularly instead of beating effectively to move blood into the ventricles. This condition may not have symptoms, but when symptoms appear they include palpitations, shortness of breath and fatigue.

The cardiac electrophysiology is the test that is used to understand the nature of the abnormal heart arrhythmias. This test studies the electrical activity of the heart to find where an arrhythmia is coming from. During the EPS test a thin tube called catheters is sent into the blood vessel which leads to the heart. This catheter sends the electrical signals to heart and record its electrical activity. The cardiac EP can diagnose and treat conditions such as: atrial fibrillation, bradycardia, tachycardia, sudden cardiac arrest etc.

Cardiothoracic Surgery also known as thoracic surgery that deals with the surgeries of the organs which are situated inside the thorax(chest). This surgery treats with the conditions related to heart, lung and chest. Cardiac Surgeons perform a variety of cardiothoracic surgeries, from minimally invasive to heart transplants. There are some risks during the surgery such as blood clots or bleeding in the brain, injury to nerves, esophagus, or trachea, plaque building up in the arteries.

Digital Health is the utilization of data and corresponding advances to treat patients, conduct research, track disease and screen the general wellbeing. From tremendous information and electronic wellbeing records to wearable medical devices and versatile applications, digital health is changing medicinal services. The attention is on wireless mobile health (mHealth) instruments, including cell phone applications, wearable’s and smart gadgets, for telehealth, artificial-intelligence and video visits likewise fall under the umbrella of computerized wellbeing. Digital wellbeing innovations can possibly change social insurance conveyance, yet most innovation organizations are focusing on customer items instead of creating advanced instruments for clinicians to incorporate into clinical care. 

Cardiac Regeneration aims at the treatment of irreversibly damaged heart tissue with cutting-edge science, and stem cell therapy. The human heart has very limited regenerative capacity, which is a challenging task. Cardiomyocytes in the grown-up human heart seem to turn over at a low rate, estimated at 0.5– 1% every year. Myocardial Infarction (MI) is the most common cardiovascular disease. In an average-sized MI causes the loss of up to 1 billion cardiomyocytes and the adult heart lacks the capacity to replace them. Various strategies have been developed to restore the damaged heart tissue and its function using body's natural ability to regenerate itself. The cardiology procedures are finding regenerative solutions to restore renew and recycle patients own regenerate capacity to recover itself. The cardiovascular authorities are finding regenerative arrangements that re-establish, restore and reuse patients very own reparative limit. The advancements in the field of stem cell, reprogramming technologies, understanding of the cardiomyocyte genetic program and key outward flags attempted further examination on heart regeneration. Methodologies to upgrade heart recovery can possibly check the high morbidity and mortality of cardiovascular disease.

Interventional Cardiology is the branch that deals with the catheter based treatment of structural heart diseases. There are many procedures that can be performed on the heart by using catheters. The most common procedure is the insertion of a sheath into the femoral artery and cannulating the heart under X-ray visualization most commonly fluoroscopy radiology. The use of the interventional cardiology or radiology is that it stays away from the scars and pain.

A cardiovascular device is used to keep your heart beat with a normal rhythm. There are several types of devices designed to diagnose and treat with heart rhythm disorders and other related health problems. These include implantable ICD’S, pacemaker and loop recorders. Now days, lithium iodide systems are used as basic power supply for modern implants. The battery of the implantable loop recorders lasts for 2 years and they can continuously monitor the electrical activity of the heart rhythm disturbances to trigger the individual about the changes. Advanced cardiac devices are enormously developing to treat a majority of the cardiac diseases of the heart.

Cardiac surgery, or cardiovascular surgery, is the surgery of heart or veins. It is carried out to treat complications of ischemic heart disease, to correct congenital heart disease, or to treat  valvular heart disease due to various causes, which include endocarditis, rheumatic heart disease, and atherosclerosis. Other surgeries include Minimally Invasive Heart Surgery, Ventricular Assist Devices (VADs),  heart transplantation and much more.

Cardiovascular toxicity includes damage to the heart due to toxin-induced electrophysiological abnormalities and also muscle damage, as well as vascular atherosclerosis due to oxidative stress and inflammation. All these abnormalities may impair blood flow and circulation. Oxidative stress and inflammation may be the central bacillus mechanisms underlying cardiovascular toxicity. Cardiovascular toxicology is worried about the antagonistic impacts of extraneous and characteristic weights on the heart and vascular framework. Outward pressure includes an introduction to remedial medications, characteristic items, and natural toxicants. Cardiovascular Pharmacology deals with the study of the effects of cardiovascular drugs upon the circulatory system or heart. Drugs can also affect blood cells. Different classes of cardiovascular specialists are accessible to treat the numerous cardiovascular conditions. The most regularly utilized sub-classification drugs incorporate calcium channel blockers, ACE-inhibitors, and Cardiac biomarkers.

Heart nursing or Cardiac nursing is a process of taking care of patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases. This includes advanced care for cardiovascular patients which incorporate surgical tests, stress tests, and heart checking and heart evaluations. A cardiovascular medical caretaker or heart care for adult nurture is an ability who thinks about patients with heart issues. They will treat patients who are encountering distinctive sorts of heart issues under the bearing of cardiologists. Cardiac nurses work in many different environments such as:

Cardiology is a field of medicine that deals with disorders of heart. The field incorporates diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease, valvular coronary illness, and electrophysiology. It is likely that there will be proceeding with sub-specialization in the quest for specialized virtuosity and clinical brilliance in the field of cardiology. This circumstance will at first both bother the heightening of expenses and increase the workforce deficiency.

A cardiology case report incorporates a cardiovascular disease research of patient. The medicinal cases give beneficial experience to clinicians, understudies and paramedical staff individuals. Clinical case reports can likewise assume a critical part in restorative training, giving a structure to case-based learning and may likewise have a part to play in managing the personalization of medicationin clinical practice. The investigation of indicative strategies from restorative cases and the translation of side effects are huge to prepare and prosper the manners of thinking which are being utilized in the clinical field.