Shehzano Fakir Muhammad Kasim
Ziauddin University, Pakistan
Title: Parental history of type-2 diabetes is a threat to gene
Biography
Biography: Shehzano Fakir Muhammad Kasim
Abstract
Diabetes is a metabolic disease categorized by increase blood sugar level resulting from defects in insulin excretion, insulin function or both. The prolonged diabetes is associated with damage, dysfunction and failure of different organs, especially the eyes, kidneys, nerves, heart and blood vessels. Initially diabetes was considered as a disease of western countries but its existence is virtually seen in every nation-state of world. The present prevalence in Pakistan of type-2 diabetes mellitus is 26.3%. Out of them 19.2% are known with the disease while 7.1% were newly diagnosed people. Diabetes is presently the fastest emergent epidemic disease and has been recognized to a collision between genes and the environment. Worldwide burden of disease was 382 million people in 2013 and this number will increase to 592 million by 2035. Parental history of diabetes is a chief factor for development of type-2 diabetes mellitus, but whether this association derives from shared genetic or environmental factors is unclear. Persistently high blood sugar levels can result in drastic outcomes like diabetic ketoacidosis and Hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome. Association of gene variants and family history will help in identification of disease. Previous studies show that type-2 diabetes mellitus is associated with following genes: PPARG, TCF7L2, FTO, CDKN2A/2B, HHEX/IDE, SLC30A8, KCNQ1, JAZFI, IRSI, KLF14, CHCHD9 and DUSP9. This review highlights the role of different genes in the development of type-2 diabetes mellitus and parental history which causes the disease is a big threat to all genes that cause the disease.